Himachal: Grow native species for landscaping highways

MANDI: Modern highways may offer visually appealing uniformity, but many botanists and environmentalists are raising concerns about the ecological cost of this approach. The future of medicinal plants and sustainable practices were discussed at a recent regional stakeholders meeting of Regional-cum-Facilitation Centre (RCFC) Northern Region-1, which triggered a conversation on the need to rethink the current trend of beautifying highways with ornamental and exotic plants. The issue of highway landscaping dominated the event organised by the National Medicinal Plants Board (NMPB) under the Ministry of AYUSH in Chandigarh. Dr Tara Sen, head of the Botany Department of Vallabh Rajkiya Mahavidyalaya, Mandi, said highway stretches, which were once vibrant with the seasonal beauty of native Himalayan flora, are now filled with predominantly non-native, ornamental species.

For those who cherish the rich botanical heritage of the region, such developments are disheartening, as they reduce the ecological value of the habitat and threaten local biodiversity. “Instead of continuing with ornamental plants, experts are calling for the inclusion of native, multipurpose plant species in landscaping efforts. Native plants, which provide a range of benefits including food, fodder, medicine and materials, are not only better suited to the local climate but also support local wildlife. These plants can thrive in challenging environmental conditions while reducing maintenance costs and contributing to sustainable land use,” he remarked. “Recommended species include Butea monosperma (Palash), a sacred and medicinal plant; Phoenix species, which provide food and fodder; and Myrica esculenta (Kafal), known for its edible fruit.

Other varieties such as Taxus contorta, Rhododendron species and Hypericum species have also been highlighted for their ecological and therapeutic value,” Dr Tara said. “A shift towards native vegetation will address growing environmental challenges such as soil erosion, carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation,” said environmentalist Narendra Saini. Experts emphasise the need for sustainable development, especially as the number of natural disasters such as landslides and flash floods in north India continues to rise, which are linked to large-scale infrastructure changes. “Incorporating native species in the landscaping of highways will not only enhance the beauty of these roads, but also nurture the environment and provide long-term ecological benefits. As we continue to expand our infrastructure, it is important to prioritise sustainable methods that maintain a balance between development and nature, safeguarding the planet for future generations,” Dr Tara said. “The call for a greener, more sustainable approach to beautification of highways is a reminder of our responsibility to protect and preserve the natural heritage of the Himalayas and beyond,” she added.